Between the years of 1939 and 1945, roughly 10,276,000 tons of coal was transported from Germany to Switzerland and provided 41% of Switzerland’s energy requirement. Lend-Lease and Military Aid to the Allies in the Early Years of World War II. What factors discouraged the Nazis from focusing all their forces on the Caucasus region during Operation Barbarossa? Why Germany Really Lost World War II. This vast factory, said to be the biggest in the world at the time, … Generally, natural or crude oil and petroleum are extremely crucial to the existence of the Third Reich during the World War II (1939–1945). He was what one might call the"dean of the pipeliners" in the U. S. Under his direction the Big Inch was completed in record time. Churchill and the Defence Chiefs did a pretty good job in the first two years of the war in determining which critically strategic points to reinforce - like the Persian Gulf, as well as Gibraltar etc in the Med. Swedish iron ore was an important economic factor in the European theatre of World War II.Both the Allies and the Axis were keen to gain control of the mining district in northernmost Sweden, surrounding the mining towns of Gällivare and Kiruna.The importance of this issue increased after other sources of iron were cut off from Germany by the Allied naval blockade during the Battle … But, many more stories of a similar kind could be told. One oilman should be singled out so far as the laying of the Big Inch is concerned. Oil was in desperately short supply for the Axis powers in WW2. Does a Javelin of Lightning allow a cleric to use Thunderous Strike? Japan had a small domestic oil production, a few million barrels, but not nearly enough to meet their peacetime needs let alone war.What they did have is enough oil refineries with a capacity of almost a year's peacetime consumption. The main combatants were the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) and the Allies (France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China). Having said as much, I still appreciate Mr. Neumann's commemts and will take them in stride. It was already the object of political issues before the outbreak of the war. After World War II, the vast oil fields of Arabia made it uneconomic for most free nations to pursue the technology. It is pure corporate propaganda, a re-writing of history no different than Stalin. Oil was a problem for Germany from the first day of the War. It caused that there were waged the most important battles of the WWII: Caucasus and Stalingrad, North Africa and Alamein. First, the Ploesti refineries were bombed, and, secondly, with the advance of Russian troops on Rumania, beginning in the fall of 1943, oil from there was further reduced. It is not currently accepting answers. Space will not permit an exhaustive treatment of the ways and means by which the national government and the oil industry met war-time needs involing petroleum, but it is possible to focus on the following: the production of toluene; the output of synthetic rubber; the refining of crude into huge quantities of gasoline, including that of 100-octane grade; and the laying of the Big Inch and Little Big Inch pipelines. When interviewed by newspapermen, he readily admitted how important oil had been in World War two. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. But, in U. S., for that year came 1.7 billion barrels. Why didn't Germany attack Turkey during WW2? As the first rumblings of another great war stirred in Europe in the 1930s, Mexico and the United States seemed like unlikely allies. The country was friendly to the Axis but entered only in March 45 into the war against Germany. To head that agency Roosevelt appointed the very capable Harold L. Ickes, who had been Secretary of the Interior. That man was Burt E. Hull of the Texas Company (Texaco). “The late 1930s was a time of increasing tensions between Mexico and the United States on the diplomatic front, largely tied to the … Will printing more money during COVID cause hyperinflation? Other companies produced butadiene during the war, but none were more important than the two companies referred to here, which together provived 29.1 percent of the total U. S. yield of butadiene from 1943 through 1945. Had Britain lost Egypt it would have been a big blow to the Allies. Convinced that oil was essential to fuel his ambitions, Nazi leader Adolf Hitler moved to promote the development of a synthetic fuel industry in Germany shortly after taking power in 1933. Four out of five Soviet aircraft, tanks and trucks used in World War II ran on fuel produced in Baku refineries from oil extracted in the Baku oil fields. In truth, Standard Oil threatened Roosevelt with cutting off oil supplies if his administration continued exposing their corporate officers' cooperation with Fascist/NAZI elements for decades prior to the war. Wallace E. Pratt and Dorothy Good (1950), pp. To dramatize that assertion, consider the following quote from a letter, dated 10 November 1945, to Ralph K. Davies, from the Joint Chiefs of Staff's Army-Navy Board:"at no time did the Services lack for oil in the proper quantities, in the proper kinds and at the proper places.". And in 1940, Socony-Vacuum sent William Mosetti to Argentina. Did the Soviets have an alternate source of oil in Iran during World War II? By the time of World War Two the process had been perfected. In 1943 twelve refineries existed, in 1944 fifteen. Before the annexation of Austria in 1938, oil fields in Germany were concentrated in northwestern Germany. During WW2, did the USSR re-gauge railways in conquered areas? This article tells us what the title says. The Smith Portable pipelines were critical to the delivery of gasoline to the fronts and airfields in France. Until that pipeline was completed east of Norris City, Illinois, however, that small town in the prairie state served as terminus for the line--tank cars were filled there for shipment to the East Coast. When it is realized to what extent World War Two was motorized in nature, not to mention the primacy of air power, one can hardly exaggerate the importance of such fuel output. In fact, he attributed German defeat to three factors, to wit: (1) the Allied bombing sorties (strategic and tactical); (2) the bombardments by Allied naval guns; and (3) Germany's own deficiency in oil, especially in the form of gasoline. Is there a way to determine the order of items on a circuit? There's a fairly exhaustive article in the German Wikipedia about it, but unfortunately it hasn't been translated to other languages: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_synthetisches_Benzin. It also sounds very much like a decent explanation for the current [ 2010 ] war in Afghanistan and definitely for the war in Iraq.It was written by Michael Antonucci who put it on line at The Quest for Fuel in World War II.He also wrote Code Crackers: Civil War Cryptanalysis. So, while Mr. Neumann's reference to oil in the Caucasus, or, really it would have been better to have said, from the Baku peninsula bordering the Caspian Sea (where oil was known from Old Testament times), the Germans were never able to get this oil! @jwentingThe Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran took place in Sept 1941. Keith Miller. The Germans got little from Maikop, and none from Grozny. World War II, conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during 1939–45. Unfortunately the Far East was neglected and all hell let loose in Dec 41. These lines could deliver almost 900 thousand gallons of fuel per day. The Battle of Stalingrad was Hitler's desperate attempt to get to the oil-rich Baku. How Hitler Might Have Won World War II: Seize All That Oil in the Middle East ... a sudden pro-Nazi coup d’état in Iraq lay rich oil fields and more at Germany’s feet. I also take exception to Mr. Neumann's characterization of material treated in my essay (at least I assume this) as being too technical. N ormandy Invasion and Fuel . I don't know of a any magic website that distills this information. It was the bloodiest conflict, as well as the largest war, in history. In fact, before the two pipelines began to operate German submarines had sunk so many tankers, there were many beaches on islands in the Caribbean, which were seriously polluted with oil. and they also had plans to link up with the Persian Gulf through Persia (now Iran). The Germans also attempted to take the Suez Canal and open up access to the Middle East, but they got turned round at a little place called. Is there a way to prevent my Mac from sleeping during a file copy? To produce synthetic rubber required the making of butadiene, its basic raw material. How do I reestablish contact? About one third to one half of the oil was refined synthetically from coal. The article is very interesting, but it is focused on American issues, and on technicalities. Viewed 7k times 3. Total energy from KS-DFT: How reliable is it and why? I understand some came from Romania, but that could have provided only a small portion of the oil needed. Nuxt.js Cannot find module '@babel/preset-env/lib/utils'. Why is Schrödinger's cat in a superposition and not a mixture if you model decay with Fermi's golden rule? So, while I accept the importance of oil supplies elsewhere in the world, that does not change the following fact--without U. S. oil (above all other sources) and the extraordinary cooperation between the U. S. governmemt and American oil companies, World War Two could never have been won by the Allied armies. Want to improve this question? even so, with the title, which was used instead, I think Mr. Neumann is missing a major point--in my essay I state that 6 billion of the 7 billion barrels of oil used by the Allies in fighting and winning World War Two came from American oil fields. Also, by June 1944, Rumanian oil output had plummetted further to 30,000 barrels per day. When Germany invaded France in June 1940, however, Benito Mussolini could not resist the opportunity to grab his share of the spoils. 4. And, that is not to mention the need for oil as a lubricant for guns and machinery. Nonetheless, the early successes were spectacular. Can vice president/security advisor or secretary of state be chosen from the opposite party? I prefer the word "specificity," which one of my professors on my doctorate at Miami University of Ohio recommended so far as writing with precision is concerned. [closed] Ask Question Asked 5 years, 3 months ago. World War II began with spectacular NAZI victories. On June 11, 1940, six days after the British evacuation at Dunkirk, France, Italy declared war on Britain and France. The WWII Axis governments had no direct territorial access to oil. I believe there were eight lines there. The title is "Supplying the Troops with Oil and Gasoline: The Fuels and Lubricants Division in World War II.". As armies became more mechanized, the need for secure sources of fuel and lubricants became the sine qua non for military operations. Germany had very limited oil resources. Where did Germany get their oil during WW2? Closed. The Big Inch and Little Big Inch pipelines, it should be stressed, aided almost beyond estimation the winning of World War Two by the Allies. Where did Germany get their oil during WW2? Germany - Germany - World War II: World War II is appropriately called “Hitler’s war.” Germany was so extraordinarily successful in the first two years that Hitler came close to realizing his aim of establishing hegemony in Europe. Residential Natural Gas Meter - Remove Fitting? Then in a surprise offensive in 1940 Germany without declaring war attacked and quickly occupied Denmark and Norway (April 1940). It only takes a minute to sign up. Once the troops landed and began their advance, a reliable supply of fuel would be needed for the tanks, trucks, and other vehicles, as they moved across France and Belgium to Germany. Much of the rest came from the efforts of Shell Oil. 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